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Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill was born in Oxfordshire, England, on November 30, 1874 and passed away on January 24, 1965 or at the age of 90. Winston Churchill was a British political figure and author who was best known as Prime Minister of Great Britain during World War II.

His role as a strategist, orator, diplomat and leading politician, made Churchill one of the most influential figures in world history.

Right in 1953, Churchill was awarded the Nobel Prize in literature for the contribution he succeeded in giving his book of English and world history.

Childhood

Winston Churchill
Winston Churchill, via winstonchurchill.org

Winston Churchill was a descendant of the first widely known Churchill family, John Churchill, the first Marlborough Duke. His father, Lord Randolph Churchill, was a political figure. Meanwhile, her mother named Lady Randolph Churchill (Jennie Jerome) is the daughter of an American millionaire, Leonard Jerome.

Winston Churchill was born at Blenheim Palace in Woodstock, Oxfordshire, when he was born in the absence of any preparation when his mother was experiencing contractions while traveling on a horse-drawn carriage.

Winston's childhood is often spent in boarding schools. One of the scattered anecdotes was the story as Churchill wrote the exam upon admission to Harrow School.

When the Latin exam was done, he only wrote the title, his name, the number 1 and the point. Although accepted at the school, but placed in a classroom with no outstanding students. The English subject area is overwhelmingly controlled by Churchill.

Her mother rarely visited Churchill, however, Churchill remained in love and amazement with her mother. Churchill often wrote a letter asking his mother to visit or ask my father to let Churchill go home.

After growing up, the relationship that exists between Winston and his mother is getting closer, so their relationship is much more like the relationship of siblings and close friendship with each other.

Meanwhile, the relationship between Churchill and his father was not close. Nevertheless, Churchill always follows in the footsteps of his father's career.

In 1816, Churchill proclaimed, "My father is the Chancellor of the Exchequer, and someday I will do the same". Churchill did not have many friends as a child and this is always remembered by him.

Churchill himself was very close to his nanny, Elizabeth Anne Everest and very sad when the nanny died on July 3, 1895. Churchill paid the funeral fee that was in the City of London Cemetery and Crematorium.

Achievement at Harrow School can be said not so satisfactory because Churchill often punished due to its bad value and considered not trying to learn more. Independent behaviors and attitudes often have revolted into one of the obstacles to studying classical subjects, such as Latin and ancient Greek history.

Nevertheless, Churchill was able to show his great talent in other subjects. Churchill also had an achievement by winning a fencing match at school.

Keep in mind, Churchill once became a freemason member around 1895, moments after his father died, until about 1912.

Military Services

Churchill attended the military academy that took place at Sandhurst. After graduating at age 20, Churchill joined the army as a Subaltern in the Hussar IV cavalry regiment. This regiment is stationed in Bengaluru, India. After arriving in India, Churchill suffered an injury on his shoulder.

While in India, Churchill often spends time playing polo. He began looking for opportunities to join the war. As a result, in 1895, Churchill and Reggie Barnes obtained permission to go to Cuba, in becoming war analysts going on between Spanish soldiers and Cuban guerrillas.

Churchill was delighted to be involved in the first ever shootout on his 21st birthday.

In 1897, Churchill tried to visit the Greco-Turkish War, but this war ended before he arrived on the battlefield. Therefore, Churchill decided to take time off and vacation in England.

Sir Bindon Blood, who was the leader of an expeditionary force assigned to fight the Pathan rebels, promised Churchill if he could take part in the conflict. While serving in the expedition forces for approximately 6 weeks, Churchill also wrote articles for The Pioneer and The Daily Telegraph for a fee of 5 pounds per article.

In October 1897, Churchill returned to England. The first book on the conflict, The Story of Malakand Field Force, was published in December.

Right in 1899, Churchill left the military service and decided to pioneer his career in parliament. He became a conservative party candidate at Oldham, but could only take third place in the election. While Oldham at that time only had a quota for 2 seats only.

On October 12, 1899, the second Boer War took place in South Africa, involving Britain and Afrikaners. Churchill became a war correspondent for the Morning Post for 4 months and earned 250 pounds a month.

After arriving in South Africa, he boarded the train used by the British army, under the leadership of Aylmer Haldane. This train even slipped out of the rails because of attacks from Boer forces that use explosives.

Although eventually the train escaped the Boer attack, Churchill, several other officers and soldiers were captured and served as prisoners of war in Pretoria.

Meanwhile, Churchill escaped from prison.

Although still a war correspondent, Churchill also gained a position in the cavalry regiment. He participated in combat in Spion Kop and became one of the first British troops to enter Ladysmith and Pretoria.

Churchill successfully published two books on the Boer war, London to Ladysmith via Pretoria which was published in May and Ian Hamilton's March in October 1900.

Political Career

Churchill used the fame he earned for starting a 60-year political career, serving as an MP in the House of Commons since 1901-1922 and 1924-1964. Initially a member of the Conservative Party and subsequently moved to the Liberal Party and became a member of the Cabinet when he was 30 years old.

In the 1924 general election, Churchill was inducted to represent Epping as Conservative. He was sworn in as Chancellor of the Exchequer in 1926, under Stanley Baldwin and was responsible for bringing Britain back to the Gold Standard.

When the Conservatives lost the 1929 British election, Ramsay MacDonald formed the government in 1931. However, Churchill was not a member of the cabinet and it can be said, Churchill was at the lowest point of his career.

Churchill spent the next few years focusing on his writing work, including History of the English Speaking Peoples (unpublished until the end of World War II). Churchill is famous for its opposition to Indian independence.

Shortly thereafter, his attention was drawn to Adolf Hitler's rise and German arms upgrades. Instantly, Churchill called on Britain to increase arms in rival Germany. Churchill also became a critic of Neville Chamberlain's policy of encouraging Hitler.


The Role of Prime Minister During the War

At the beginning of World War II, Churchill was sworn in as First Lord of the Admiralty. Not long after, Chamberlain resigned in May 1940 and in the end Churchill was sworn in as Prime Minister and formed a coalition government.

Churchill's famous words are, "I have nothing to offer except blood, strong work, tears and sweat" which became his first speech when appointed Prime Minister.

Meanwhile, the next saying before the Battle of Britain, "We will defend our island, although at any price, we will fight on the shore, we will fight at the landing, we will fight in the fields and on the road, we will fight on the hill and we never give up".

Churchill voiced his hatred for the idea of ​​providing public health and better education for the population, making himself much hated in his own country. Residents are not satisfied with Churchill. After the war, Churchill was defeated by Clement Attlee and the Labor Party.

Second Period

After the Labor Party's defeat in the 1951 general election, Churchill again served as Prime Minister. In 1953, Winston Churchill was awarded as many as 2 honorary titles.

Churchill was granted the title of Sir, became Sir Winston Churchill and was awarded the Nobel Prize in writing in his expertise in the writing of history and history, as well as his intelligence in speaking in order to maintain a high humanitarian value.

A stroke attack that occurred in June 1953, causing Winston Churchill to be paralyzed on the left. Right on January 15, 1965, Churchill had a second stroke (evere cerebral thrombosis) which caused him to experience severe pain. Winston Churchill died 9 days later on January 24, 1965.

His body was put in Westminster Hall for 3 days and a funeral was held at St. Paul's Cathedral. At the request of Churchill, he was buried in the family estate of Saint Martin's Churchyard, Bladon, Woodstock, England.

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